Ko ēhea ngā karu tītaha iti e pai ana mō te whakahaere whakamātutu ahumahi?

He aha te Uru Kahurangi ko te Matua Matua mō ngā Karu Tītaha Iti mō te Ahumahi

Te whawhai ki te waimā, pāmu, me ngā āhuatanga kikoikoi i ngā pūnaha whakamātutu kei te mara

Ko ngā pikoata anuanu mātai ahumahi e āraitia ana i ngā wāhi noho tino uaua ia rā. Ka hoki te heke a huarā ki roto i ngā papahua whakahaere, ka kīia ngā tikanga ki te parapara i ngā pakanga parapara, ā, ka nekeneke te putu puupuru mai i te 20 negatihia Celsius ki te 70 teitei Celsuis. Ko ēnei tikanga tino uaua e pāngia ai maha ngā kainoho, ko te 42 ūnati o ngā pānga tuarangi tuarangi i te tau i te tau ki ngā pikoata toihana arataki, e ai ki ngā rangahau i tūhonoa i te tau ki te Agricultural Automation Journal. Ko ngā kainoho e rapu ana i ngā taputapu tūpono ka huri ki ngā hoahoa motuhake e whai ana i ngā kaiwhakahaere kīato kia kīia kia kīia kia kore ai te oneone me te parapara. Whakamahia hoki e rātou ngā matatini pērā i te PPS, LCP rānei kāore i te nui te whānuitanga, te ititanga rānei i te putu. E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau ao-tūmatanui ko ēnei pikoata motuhake e iti ana te wā kore mahi o ngā pūnaha, e 31 ūnati teitei ake i ngā wae tapiri noa.

Te hiahia kore-kaupapa mō ngā pikoata anuanu mātai ahumahi e rāwekia ana IP67/IP68

Ina te kōrero ana mō ngā pūnaha whakapai, ko te IP67, ko te IP68 rānei ehara i te āhuatanga hou noa i tētahi pepa taipitopito—ko te mea nui rawa kia mau ai te mahi pai i ngā tikanga uaua. Ko te nuinga o ngā taraka e kore nei whakamarumaru pai ka mutu anake i muri i ētahi marama pakanga ki ngā whanokotia pēhi, ngā wāhi pāwhara, i ngā taiao parurenga pērā i ngā wāhi rokiroki taro. Heoi anoo, he rerekē ngā rītingi. Ka taea e ngā taputapu IP68 te tautohe i raro i te wai mō te wā roa ki te tere tonu i te 1.5 mita, ā, ko ngā huinga IP67 anake ka aukati i ngā korero paru ki te 1mm. E ai ki ngā ripihana mara mai i ngā kainoho pono e mahi ana me ēnei pūnaha, i kitea e ērā i riro i te IP68 kua noho tonu te mahi o ō rātou taputapu i te 98% o te wāhi, ina mōhio ki te 67% pea mō ngā kōwhiringa IP54 iti ake i te utu, kāore i te rite, i te Ripihana Taraka Taiao Uaua i tākarotia tau kua pahure ake. He mea nui ngā tikanga herehere nei i ngā wā pāmuahara pērā i ngā manuhiri, i ngā pakanga oneone anoo, inā te hapa takawaenga ka raru pea ngā kaupapa katoa kei ngā mara.

Ngā mea matua mō te pūkenga whakawera: ngā kaiwhakahaere mirimiri taiapa, ngā karu taurite rino parahi

Ko te eke ki ngā kimikime taraiwa noa me te wai tinito e kai ana i ngā tap switch hikoengari, e kore e kitea e tētahi mātou tae atu ki te wā e tōkeke ana. Ina titiro ana ki ngā matū mō ngā kaiwhakahaere, ko ngā kowhiringa mirimiri taiapa pērā i te 316 SS e waru haunga te roa ake o te wā e tū ana ia ki te rino me te pito ki te oneone e pakaru ana i waenganui i te 4 ki te 10 e ai ki tētahi rangahau hou mō te maroke o ngā matū. Mō ērā e whakapāngia ana ki te whai mātua tūmau, ko te whakaputanga rino he mea nui rawa. Ēnei karu kua whakaputaina e stop ana i te pikinga o te whakawhitinga tūpono e hāunga pea te toru rau ōrau i roto i ngā ono marama anake i ngā wāhi makariri e noho ana ngā kimikime. Ko te mea nui rawa mō te aukati i tēnei momo patunga ko ētahi whiringa hoahoa matua nui kei...

• Te hanga herehere lazer ki ngā wāhi hononga o ngā kaiwhakahaere
• Ngā pā ki te kōwhai hei whakahaere i te arataki o ngā karapoti electrochemical
• Ngā pātene fluorosilicone i hoahoa hei whakamātau i ngā kai ārai paru e hāngai ana ki te ammonia
E rua pea ngā whakapai ake i ngā mātai mōhini e tautoko ana i ngā wā roa e rerekē ake i te rima tau—āno hea te noho pānuitanga inaianei ki ngā kimikimekai ia rā.

Ngā Taipitopito Tātaritanga Matua e Whakaaturana ai i te Mahi Pai o te Micro Switch Māra

Te whakauru i ngā tūmanako hiko ki ngā vālve solenoid, ngā kainamua poumpu, me ngā waenganui PLC

Kia ū ana ngā wae pūhiko kia whai hua, e kore anō heka tērā i te āhuatanga mātai—e tika ana hoki kia āki ai ngā taputapu kia kore ai e pakaru i te mara. Ina mahi ana me ngā vāvā rerehua, me ngā karuata iti ka taea te whakahaere i te 12 ki te 24 volt DC i waenganui i te haurua ampere ki te rua ampere. Ka āki tēnei i te uaua o te coil kia kore ai e āki arcing kino. Mō ngā kaimātai pompi, he wehe atu te āhuatanga nā me ngā karuata nui ake ka taea te whakahaere i te 24 ki te 120 volt AC me ngā inenga irahiko i waenganui i te rima ki te tekau ampere. He nui ngā painga o ēnei taipitopito nā me te huinga hiko nui ake e taraiwa ana e ngā motuka i te wā o te tiimata. Ko ngā kāmuta PLC hoki he kōrero ke. Ka pai ake mā te karuata e iti ake i te 100 milliampere te hiko e taraiwa ana, ā, me te whakapaipai koura ki ngā wāhi hono kia noho maeneene me te noho pono ngā tohu. Ina hōhā pea ngā herekai i ēnei here, ka tere ngā raruraru—ka huaki ngā wāhi hono vāvā, i te wā e ngaro haunga ngā tohu kaimātai. I whakaatu ētahi whakamātautau mara pono, ko ngā pūnaha e whakamahi ana i ngā wae pūhiko tika e pakaru ana 34% iti ake i ngā pūnaha e horoi ana i ngā karuata toa hokohoko.

Whakaritea te roa o te ora: neke atu i te miriona mōhio mekanikē i raro i te takotoranga wā noa i ia rā

Ko te pēhinga mekameka ki ngā kaitirotiro mātai whakapau e tino rahi ana, ā, heoi anō mō ngā punaha pīra nui kei te waenganui i te pūnaha e whakauru ana ngā tarauru hokiria tekau mā whitu ngā wā i ia rā. E hiahiatia ana e ngā kaiwhenua ētahi mea pakari, nō reira i roa ai pea ngā tarauru iti mātai ahumahi o te kounga teitei ake i te tinihanga kotahi miriona ngā wā e whakamahia ana. Kei a kēnei ētahi āhuatanga motuhake pērā i ngā pungarehu inia tereina kua whakapūmau kia kaua e wareware, tā rātou anō ngā kaiwhakahaere rōpere tikangia kia tiakina ai te aronga e nekehana pai ai. Kei te wātea anō tētahi arataki tiaki i te pikinga, e kīa nei i te wehi ka tūpono te takotoranga ki ō rātou mutunga. He aha te mea e tū ake ai rātou? Ko ngā pāpā wātea aunoa e āki ai te huinga oneone, he tauā tino nui ki ngā wāhi e tū ake ai te hiriwa, te oneone ranei. I whakaatu ngā whakamātautau ko ngā tarauru e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa IEC 61058 ka mahi tūturu tonu mō te tekau tau pakanga atu ki ngā pāmu. Arā, ka paku ake te wā e pau ana e ngā kaiwhenua ki te whakahaere i ngā raruraru whakahaere i ngā wā e pīrangi ana rātou.

Te Whiriwhiri i te Momo Piko Ārai Papa Tāpoi Tika mā te Tīmatanga Tōmuri

Ngā piko kua hūngaia ki te arai rānei ki ngā piko kua hūngaia ki te poko mō ngā senita taru, ngā āpure mutunga, me ngā tapa whakamutunga

Ko te whiriwhiri i te momo hūngai tika he takotoranga matua—ehara i te mea tūturu—ki te whakapau whenua. Ko ngā piko kua hūngaia ki te arai e hoatu ana he take mātua me te manawaroa whānui, nō reira ko te mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana he urupare tinana kaha:

• Ngā senita taru : Ko ngā arai parirau e āki ai ngā panonitanga o te taumata tanki ake pea i te wepū i te aljī, i te puehu rānei
• Ngā āpure mutunga o te pokapoka pokapu : Ko ngā arai roa e tango ana i ngā patunga ngāwari katoa kāore he mamae, kāore hoki he wehenga
Ko ngā piko poko e tino pai ana kei reira he tere, he tika hoki te nuinga—atamira hoki ki ngā mahi pā ki te haumātauranga, ki ngā mahi tere:

• Ngā tapa whakamutunga tahumaero : Ko te haerenga iti rawa o te kaihūngai (<0.5mm) e whakaae ana i te tapa ki te wa poto i te wā o te tōraipiri tōraipiri
• Whakamātau i te tūranga o te vālv : Ko te whakauru pūnaha rārangi e ū ana ki ngā here o te wā mō te whakauru PLC, e muru ai i ngā hapa tautoko 19% i te nuinga atu i ngā momo arawhata (Rangahau Arataki Mātātoko, 2023)

Ko te whakauru i ngā hinonga hiko ki ngā herekore e aki ai te 74% o ngā herenga mōrearea i ngā taiao parurenga, nui te maha o ngā wehenga.

Whakamāoritanga Tūmatanui: Me pēhea te whakapai ake ki ngā Hiko Māra Tangata Ahumahi hei aki i te herenga o te pūnaha

Kua whakaatu ngā tāwhai whakamātautau i runga i ngā pā huarahi rerekē kua tū ake pea ngā piko āhuatanga mō ngā waea takotoranga hangarau mātai whenua. Hei tauira, ko ngā pūnaha whakapaurere o Pibota mai i Nebraska i te tau ki muri. I mau tonu ngā waea e tata ana ki te IP67 i te nuinga o te 15,000 ngā tikanga whakauru i mua i te pakaru, e toru rānei te tekau pea atu i ngā tauira IP54 noa. I te wā hou o ngā rāpoto pai rawa, i te wā e kī ana te hau ki te vuta me te ua, i reka ai te nuinga o ngā raruraru mō ngā waea IP54. I kitea hoki e ngā kaiwhenua tēnei tauira. Kua whakapai ake tētahi kaipara parāoa nui e 1,200 heketeke ana i te rohe i muri i te huri ki ngā waea takotoranga IP68 kua hono ki ngā kaiwhakamārama. I iti ake te whakamahi wai i te 25% ia tau, i te piki ake hoki i te hua i te 10%. Nō reira, he aha te mea e tino mahi ana mō ngā paparorohiko whakahaere whakapau? Kia kitea koe i ērā waea kua tapaina e mau tonu ana i ngā tohutohu tika ahakoa e kī ana te pūpahi me te huringa haere o te rangi. E tiaki ana ēnei waeahanga maru kia pono tonu te whakapau i te wā e tipu ana te tipu, ahakoa ngā wero katoa o te taiao.

FAQ

He aha te take matua o ngā pakanga o te punaha whakamōhini i te wā tuatahi?

Ko te 42% pea o ngā pakanga o te punaha whakamōhini i te wā tuatahi e hoki ana ki ngā pātene hanga tūmatanui e kore e mōhiotia ana ki ngā tikanga taiao pāmamae.

He aha te take me mate ai ngā pātene IP67/IP68 mō ngā punaha whakamōhini?

Ka tiaki ngā pātene IP67/IP68 i te punaha mai i te rite, i te pungarehu, me ngā whāngai toki, ka mahi tonu ai i ngā āhuatanga hukapapa pēnei.

Ko whea ngā matēria he pai mō te manawaroa ki te kōhau i roto i ngā pātene iti mō ngā mahi ahurewa?

Ko ngā kāwai inihau miripipi me ngā pātene parahiko kua huaina kī te nikirō me matua herekia hei aronga ki te kōhau mai i ngā matūrei me te wai tinito.

Me pēhea e aukati ai ngā takiwā tika i te pakanga o ngā taputapu?

Mā te whakauru i ngā takiwā hiko ki ngā pātene solenoid, ngā kaimārama pomp, me ngā hono PLC, ka aukatia e ngā taputapu ngā raru pēnei i te arcing me te pupuri i te kounga o te waitohu.